Heap-Only Tuples (HOT) Updates

Problem

Your PostgreSQL database has write performance degradation. The DBA mentions that updating columns that are indexed forces index leaf node updates, whereas updating non-indexed columns can avoid this via HOT. Write a query that outputs benefit with the value: "HOT updates reduce write amplification by allowing the database to update a row without changing index pointers if no indexed column is modified."

Database Schema

This problem acts as a scratchpad. You will write your own DDL/DML or conceptual queries, so there is no predefined schema.

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Hint

Solution